The dismantling and recycling of power batteries refers to the centralized recycling of scrapped power batteries, and the recycling of valuable metals such as nickel, cobalt, manganese, copper, aluminum, lithium, etc. in the batteries through process technology, followed by the recycling of these metal materials. At present, the main methods for dismantling and recycling power batteries include physical recycling, wet recycling, and pyrometallurgical recycling.
Physical recycling is the process of obtaining valuable metals by shredding, magnetic separation, fine shredding, and eddy current separation of the electrode active substances, collector fluid, and battery shell components in scrapped power batteries. The core process is the coarse shredding of the double-shaft shredder, the fine shredding of the fine shredder, and the screening of the magnetic separator and eddy current separator. In terms of selecting shredding equipment, it is recommended to use GEP's GD series double-shaft shredder and GS series fine shredder - the national patented knife box adopts overall heat treatment to eliminate pre-stress, enhance the structural strength of the box, be sturdy, durable, and not easily deformed; Overall processing and molding, high compatibility, more stable long-term operation, energy-saving and cost reducing for enterprises; The raw materials of core components such as cutting tools and spindles are made of imported alloy steel, processed by CNC precision machining equipment, with better strength, toughness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and longer service life; Hydraulic motor or motor+reducer dual drive mode is optional, with low speed and high torque, providing strong power; The automatic lubrication system can set the oil injection cycle and amount, reduce manual operation links, and save production management costs; At the same time, ensure that the oil in the bearing is sufficient, so that the bearing is always in good working condition; The GI intelligent monitoring system has multiple functions such as information transmission, report summary, data analysis, real-time monitoring, and abnormal alarm, assisting enterprises in scientific management, optimizing resource allocation, and improving comprehensive benefits.
Wet recovery is the process of dissolving discarded power batteries into acidic and alkaline solutions after disassembly and pretreatment. Various acidic and alkaline solutions are used as transfer media to transfer metal ions from electrode materials to the leaching solution. Then, through ion exchange, precipitation, adsorption, and other methods, metal ions are extracted from the solution in the form of salts, oxygenates, and other forms. It mainly includes three methods: wet metallurgy, chemical extraction, and ion exchange. The core process is to add chemical reagents for leaching and extraction of electrode powder, but the previous process is still shredding, screening, and pre-treatment. Similarly, the shredding and sorting equipment produced by GEP can be used to perform multi-stage shredding, screening, and other operations on the positive and negative electrode materials and other substances under mechanical force, so as to enrich the electrode material and facilitate subsequent processing.
Fire recovery is the process of removing organic binders from electrode materials through high-temperature incineration, while causing oxidation-reduction reactions of metals and their compounds. Low boiling metals and their compounds are recovered in the form of condensation. The metals in the slag are recovered through screening, pyrolysis, magnetic separation, or chemical methods. Fire recovery has low requirements for the composition of raw materials and is suitable for large-scale processing of more complex batteries. However, combustion will inevitably produce some exhaust gas pollution to the environment, and high-temperature treatment also requires high equipment requirements. At the same time, purification and recovery equipment need to be added, resulting in high treatment costs.
GEP looks forward to working closely with power battery dismantling enterprises to achieve better recycling of different types of power batteries through appropriate recycling methods.
